{"id":20763,"date":"2026-10-12T17:38:25","date_gmt":"2026-10-12T10:38:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.vietstock.org\/?p=20763"},"modified":"2026-10-12T14:43:22","modified_gmt":"2026-10-12T07:43:22","slug":"obstetric-disorders-in-livestock","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vietstock.org\/en\/industry-news\/obstetric-disorders-in-livestock\/","title":{"rendered":"Obstetric Disorders in Livestock: Warning Signs and Postpartum Management"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b>Obstetric disorders in livestock<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> are diseases and complications that occur during pregnancy, parturition, and the postpartum period. They can affect the health of the dam, the survival of newborn animals, and reproductive performance in subsequent breeding cycles.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Conditions that commonly require monitoring include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dystocia.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Retained placenta.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Uterine prolapse.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Postpartum uterine infection or inflammation.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Disorders that delay reproductive recovery.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">An important point is that these problems do not always occur independently. A case of dystocia may leave the dam exhausted or cause injury to the reproductive tract, increasing the risk of postpartum complications.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For this reason, livestock producers should not consider the birth of the newborn to be the end of the monitoring process.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For breeding cattle in particular, effective management during the peripartum period plays an important role in herd health, productivity, and reproductive performance in subsequent cycles. Pasted markdown(20261008-092943)<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Monitoring Livestock Around Parturition: What Should Be Watched at Each Stage?<\/b><\/h2>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Stage<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Warning signs to watch for<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Priority action<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Before parturition<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Abnormal body condition, history of dystocia, heifers, or risk of a large fetus<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Prepare the calving area, monitor the expected due date, and be ready to seek veterinary assistance<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">During parturition<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Prolonged straining without fetal progress, fetus becoming stuck, dam becoming exhausted<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Do not attempt uncontrolled traction or administer uterine stimulants; contact a veterinarian<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">First few hours after birth<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Placenta not yet expelled, weakness, or abnormal bleeding<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Record the time of birth and monitor closely; do not manually remove the placenta<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Immediately after birth<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A large mass of tissue protruding from the vulva<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Suspect uterine prolapse and call a veterinarian immediately<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Following days<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Foul-smelling discharge, reduced appetite, weakness, or reduced milk production<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Assess the risk of uterine infection and arrange veterinary examination<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><b>Do not consider the birth of the newborn to be the end of monitoring.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Many obstetric complications appear within hours or days after parturition and may affect reproductive performance in the next breeding cycle.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>1. Before Parturition: Good Preparation Helps Reduce the Risk of Complications<\/b><\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_20750\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-20750\" style=\"width: 743px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-20750\" src=\"https:\/\/www.vietstock.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/istockphoto-2212330716-612x612-1.jpg\" alt=\"Farm worker monitoring a sow and piglets using a tablet in a livestock facility\" width=\"753\" height=\"502\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vietstock.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/istockphoto-2212330716-612x612-1.jpg 612w, https:\/\/www.vietstock.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/istockphoto-2212330716-612x612-1-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 753px) 100vw, 753px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-20750\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Obstetric management should begin before parturition by monitoring body condition, nutrition, maternal health, expected due dates, and conditions in the birthing area.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Obstetric management should begin before the animal enters labor.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Factors related to:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Body condition.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nutrition.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Health of the dam.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fetal size.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Reproductive history.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Conditions in the birthing area.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">can influence both the course of parturition and postpartum recovery.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Monitor body condition<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Animals that are excessively fat or excessively thin may both face difficulties during the peripartum period.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Before the expected due date, monitor:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Body condition.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Feed intake.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mobility.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Signs of illness.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Any unusual changes.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In first-calving heifers, the risk of dystocia deserves particular attention because of possible disproportion between:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fetal size.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pelvic size.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Development of the reproductive tract.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Selecting an appropriate sire is also part of managing dystocia risk in heifers.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Balance the ration<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The ration should meet the needs of the:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Species.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Breed.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Stage of pregnancy.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Body condition.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Production level.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Minerals, vitamins, or energy should not be adjusted aggressively simply with the goal of \u201cmaking birth easier.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Some metabolic disorders around parturition may be associated with an increased risk of complications. Nutritional programs should therefore be built around actual requirements rather than relying only on supplementation after a problem has already appeared.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Prepare the birthing area<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The birthing area should be:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dry.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Clean.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Spacious enough.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Easy to observe.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Designed to reduce slipping.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Accessible if professional assistance is needed.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Animal caregivers should know in advance:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The expected due date.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Which animals are considered high risk.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">How to contact the veterinarian.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What to do if labor becomes abnormal.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Record key times<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Keeping records helps determine whether labor is progressing normally.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Record:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When signs of labor begin.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When active straining begins.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When the water bag ruptures.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When the fetus first becomes visible.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When the newborn is completely delivered.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This information is also very useful when describing the situation to a veterinarian.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>2. During Parturition: When Should Dystocia Be Suspected?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><b>Dystocia<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is a difficult or abnormal birth in which the dam has difficulty delivering the fetus and may require professional assistance.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The cause may be related to the:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dam.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fetus.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Birth canal.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Uterine contractions and expulsive efforts.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Common causes<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In cattle, important causes include:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Fetus too large for the dam\u2019s birth canal<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This deserves particular attention in:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Heifers.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Animals with a relatively small pelvis.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cases involving disproportion between fetal and maternal size.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Abnormal fetal presentation or position<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The head, legs, or body of the fetus may not be positioned properly for passage through the birth canal.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Incomplete cervical dilation<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If the cervix has not dilated adequately, the fetus may fail to progress even when the animal is straining.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Insufficient expulsive force<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This may be associated with:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Exhaustion.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Metabolic disorders.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Abnormal uterine contractions.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Other abnormalities affecting the fetus or dam<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These may include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fetal developmental abnormalities.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Injury to the reproductive tract.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Other health problems.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Warning signs of dystocia<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Close monitoring is needed when:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The animal strains strongly and repeatedly but the fetus does not progress.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The water bag has ruptured but the fetus does not appear.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Only part of the fetus remains visible for an extended period.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The dam becomes exhausted.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The animal spends excessive time lying down.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The animal stops straining abnormally after having strained for some time.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There is heavy bleeding.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There are clear signs of severe pain or weakness.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In cattle, if active straining has begun but there is no clear progress for around one hour, a veterinarian should be contacted for assessment.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, <\/span><b>there is no need to wait for the full hour<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> if any of the following are already present:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The fetus is stuck.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Heavy bleeding.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Severe exhaustion of the dam.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Other serious abnormalities.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Do not attempt fetal traction before identifying the cause<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Incorrect traction can cause:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Injury to the reproductive tract.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Injury to the fetus.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bleeding.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">More severe obstruction.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Do not attempt manual or instrument-assisted traction if:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fetal position has not been identified.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The birth canal has not been assessed.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The person performing the procedure has not been trained.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Do not administer oxytocin without professional guidance<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Oxytocin or other drugs that stimulate uterine contractions should not be administered without professional guidance.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If the fetus is:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Stuck.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Malpositioned.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Obstructed mechanically.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">stronger contractions may make the situation more dangerous.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A more appropriate approach is to:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Record the timing.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Observe progression.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Avoid unnecessary intervention.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Contact a veterinarian when abnormalities appear.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><b>3. Immediately After Parturition: Monitor the Placenta and the Risk of Uterine Prolapse<\/b><\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_20752\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-20752\" style=\"width: 776px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-20752\" src=\"https:\/\/www.vietstock.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/istockphoto-691210678-612x612-1.jpg\" alt=\"Cow resting beside a newborn calf immediately after calving\" width=\"786\" height=\"524\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vietstock.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/istockphoto-691210678-612x612-1.jpg 612w, https:\/\/www.vietstock.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/istockphoto-691210678-612x612-1-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 786px) 100vw, 786px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-20752\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">After parturition, the dam should continue to be monitored for placental expulsion, abnormal bleeding, weakness, and signs of uterine prolapse.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">After the newborn has been delivered, the dam still requires close observation.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Two problems requiring particular attention during the first few hours are:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Retained placenta.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Uterine prolapse.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Retained placenta: do not judge only by whether membranes are hanging outside<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><b>Retained placenta<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, also referred to as retained fetal membranes, occurs when the fetal membranes are not completely expelled from the uterus after parturition.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In cattle, the placenta is commonly expelled within approximately <\/span><b>3\u20138 hours<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> after calving. According to the source content, retained fetal membranes in cattle are generally identified when the placenta has not been expelled after <\/span><b>24 hours<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This timing applies to cattle and should not automatically be used to assess other livestock species.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Signs to monitor<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The most visible sign is:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fetal membranes still hanging from the vulva.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, the membranes are not always visible externally.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Part of the placenta may remain:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Inside the uterus.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Difficult to observe from the outside.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Therefore, record:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Time of birth.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Time when the placenta is expelled.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Feed intake.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Body temperature.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vaginal discharge.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">General alertness.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Factors that may increase the risk of retained placenta<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In cattle, risk may be associated with:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dystocia.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Twin births.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Premature birth.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Stillbirth.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Periparturient metabolic disorders.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Certain diseases or inflammatory conditions during pregnancy.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nutritional imbalance.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Poor health before calving.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">From a physiological perspective, retained placenta should not be understood simply as \u201cweak uterine contractions.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Failure of the fetal membranes to separate properly from the uterus also plays an important role.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Do not manually remove the placenta<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Do not:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pull on the placenta.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Manually strip or remove it.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Infuse medication into the uterus without veterinary guidance.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Administer medication without professional advice.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pulling or manually removing fetal membranes before placental structures have fully separated may damage uterine tissue.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Manual removal is not recommended as a routine treatment for retained placenta in cattle.<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Retained placenta also does not mean that every case automatically requires antibiotics.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Management should be based on:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">General condition.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Signs of infection.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Postpartum progression.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Veterinary assessment.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Uterine prolapse: an obstetric emergency<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><b>Uterine prolapse<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> occurs when the uterus turns inside out and protrudes through the cervix and vulva, usually immediately or shortly after parturition.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This is an emergency because it may lead to:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tissue damage.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bleeding.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Contamination.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Swelling.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Circulatory compromise.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Life-threatening complications.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Typical signs<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You may see:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A large mass of tissue protruding from the vulva.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Red or dark-red tissue.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Swelling.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A surface that is easily injured.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tissue contaminated with soil, feces, or other debris.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The dam may:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Continue straining.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Appear restless.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Spend excessive time lying down.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Show signs of pain.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Become weak.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Show signs of shock in severe cases.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Uterine prolapse and vaginal prolapse are not the same<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vaginal prolapse is more commonly observed:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">During late pregnancy.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Uterine prolapse usually occurs:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Immediately after parturition.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Shortly after parturition.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, diagnosis should not be made solely from:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Size of the protruding tissue.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Color.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">External appearance.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If an abnormal mass protrudes from the vulva, a veterinarian should be contacted.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>While waiting for the veterinarian<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You can:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Keep the animal in a clean area.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Limit movement.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Prevent the prolapsed tissue from contacting soil or feces.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Protect the tissue surface with a clean, appropriately moistened towel or cloth.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Minimize mechanical trauma.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Do not:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pull on the tissue.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rub it aggressively.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Apply chemicals on your own.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Attempt to replace the uterus yourself.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Returning the uterus to its normal position requires proper technique, hygiene, and pain control.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>4. In the Days After Parturition: When Should Uterine Infection Be Suspected?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><b>Postpartum uterine infection or inflammation<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> develops after an animal gives birth.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In cattle, these conditions are often detected during the first few weeks after calving.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If severe or prolonged, they may affect:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">General health.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Milk production.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Uterine recovery.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ability to return to breeding.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Conception.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Risk factors<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Risk may increase when animals experience:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Prolonged dystocia.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Retained placenta.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Stillbirth.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Twin births.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Obstetric intervention performed under poor hygienic conditions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Metabolic disorders.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Poor health during the peripartum period.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These factors may:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Damage the reproductive tract.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Create conditions that favor bacterial growth.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Reduce postpartum recovery.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Postpartum discharge does not always indicate disease<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">After parturition, animals may have vaginal discharge as the uterus recovers.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Normal postpartum discharge may change over time in:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Color.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Amount.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Appearance.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Therefore, uterine infection should not be diagnosed solely because vaginal discharge is present.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Signs that deserve more attention<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Early assessment is warranted when there is:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Clearly foul-smelling discharge.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Abnormal discharge.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Possible pus.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Reduced appetite.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Depression.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Weakness.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fever.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A marked decrease in milk production in dairy cattle.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Not every case of uterine infection is accompanied by fever.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Assessment should therefore consider:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vaginal discharge.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Body temperature.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Feed intake.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">General condition.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Milk production.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Postpartum progression.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Effects on reproductive performance<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Uterine infection may:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Delay recovery of the reproductive tract.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Affect the uterine environment.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Delay return to estrus.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Reduce conception rates.<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Prolong the calving interval.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The degree of impact depends on:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Severity of disease.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Timing of detection.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Overall health status.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Effectiveness of treatment.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Do not self-administer:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Antibiotics.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Intrauterine medications.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Multiple drug combinations.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Treatment should be selected based on diagnosis, an appropriate product, and veterinary guidance.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>5. How Can Obstetric Complications Be Connected?<\/b><\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_20754\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-20754\" style=\"width: 836px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-20754\" src=\"https:\/\/www.vietstock.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/istockphoto-1503242443-612x612-1.jpg\" alt=\"Cow standing beside her newborn calf in a livestock pen\" width=\"846\" height=\"564\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vietstock.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/istockphoto-1503242443-612x612-1.jpg 612w, https:\/\/www.vietstock.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/istockphoto-1503242443-612x612-1-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 846px) 100vw, 846px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-20754\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Obstetric complications may be connected; dystocia can leave the dam exhausted or injure the reproductive tract, increasing the risk of postpartum complications.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">One of the most important principles in peripartum management is not to treat each problem as an entirely separate disease.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A possible chain of risk can be illustrated as follows:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Dystocia<\/b><b><br \/>\n<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2193<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Exhaustion of the dam or injury to the reproductive tract<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2193<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Higher risk of postpartum abnormalities<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2193<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><b>Retained placenta<\/b><b><br \/>\n<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2193<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Higher risk of postpartum infection<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2193<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><b>Uterine infection<\/b><b><br \/>\n<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2193<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Delayed reproductive recovery<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2193<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Difficulty returning to breeding or reduced reproductive performance<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This sequence does not occur in every animal.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A cow that experiences dystocia will not necessarily develop:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Retained placenta.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Uterine infection.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Reduced fertility.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, once one complication occurs, the level of monitoring during the subsequent period should be increased.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For example:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cows that have experienced dystocia should be monitored more closely for placental expulsion.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cows with retained placenta should be monitored for postpartum discharge and general condition.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cows with uterine infection should have reproductive recovery assessed before rebreeding is managed.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This approach helps farms move from treating isolated cases to managing the entire <\/span><b>peripartum period<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>6. When Should a Veterinarian Be Called Immediately?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Not every abnormality can simply be monitored in the barn.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Some conditions require prompt or emergency assessment.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>During parturition<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Contact a veterinarian if:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The animal strains for an extended period without fetal progress.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The fetus is stuck.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Only part of the fetus is visible.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The dam stops straining abnormally.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There is heavy bleeding.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The animal becomes exhausted.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The animal shows obvious signs of weakness.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Immediately after parturition<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Emergency assistance is needed if:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A large mass of tissue protrudes from the vulva and uterine prolapse is suspected.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There is heavy bleeding.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The animal is unable to stand.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There are signs of shock.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The animal deteriorates rapidly.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>During the following hours or days<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A veterinarian should be contacted promptly if:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The placenta has not been expelled within the expected period.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Postpartum discharge has a strong foul odor.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The animal has reduced appetite or stops eating.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Body temperature is abnormal.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Milk production falls markedly.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The animal is weak.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Overall health continues to deteriorate.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When contacting a veterinarian, provide:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Time when labor began.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Time when active straining began.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Time when the water bag ruptured.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">How labor progressed.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Time when the newborn was delivered.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Placental status.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vaginal discharge.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Body temperature, if available.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ability to eat, drink, and stand.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>7. Checklist for the First 24 Hours and the Following Days<\/b><\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_20756\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-20756\" style=\"width: 937px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-20756\" src=\"https:\/\/www.vietstock.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/istockphoto-1407252293-612x612-1.jpg\" alt=\"Farm worker recording cattle health information during postpartum monitoring\" width=\"947\" height=\"631\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vietstock.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/istockphoto-1407252293-612x612-1.jpg 612w, https:\/\/www.vietstock.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/istockphoto-1407252293-612x612-1-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 947px) 100vw, 947px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-20756\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">During the first 24 hours and the following days, monitor placental expulsion, feed intake, mobility, body temperature, vaginal discharge, milk production, and overall recovery.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Instead of checking only once immediately after birth, monitoring should continue through each stage.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Before parturition<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Record the expected due date.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Check the dam\u2019s health.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Assess body condition.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Prepare a clean, dry birthing area.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Reduce slippery flooring.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Keep the veterinarian\u2019s contact information readily available.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Identify animals with a history of dystocia or other high-risk factors.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>During parturition<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Record when active straining begins.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Monitor the water bag.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Observe when the fetus becomes visible.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Monitor whether the fetus is progressing through the birth canal.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Observe the condition of the dam.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Avoid intervention if labor is progressing normally.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Contact a veterinarian if labor stops progressing or warning signs appear.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Immediately after parturition<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Record the time of birth.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Monitor placental expulsion.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Check whether any abnormal mass of tissue is protruding from the vulva.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Check for bleeding.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Monitor the animal\u2019s ability to stand.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Observe alertness.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Monitor feed and water intake.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Observe vaginal discharge.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>During the first 24 hours<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Continue monitoring expulsion of the fetal membranes.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Check body temperature when appropriate.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Monitor feed intake.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Observe movement.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Monitor postpartum discharge.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Record any abnormalities.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Check whether the newborn is suckling and moving normally.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>In the following days<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Monitoring should not stop after the first 24 hours.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Continue observing:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Feed intake.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Body condition.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Milk production.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vaginal discharge.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Odor of discharge.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mobility.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Body temperature when abnormalities are suspected.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Overall recovery.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Some problems, especially uterine infections, may become more obvious only during the days after parturition.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Postpartum monitoring is especially important if the animal has experienced:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dystocia.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Retained placenta.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Uterine prolapse.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Obstetric intervention.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Frequently Asked Questions About Obstetric Disorders in Livestock<\/b><\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_20758\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-20758\" style=\"width: 1000px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-20758\" src=\"https:\/\/www.vietstock.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/istockphoto-1214936712-612x612-1.jpg\" alt=\"Veterinarian examining a young goat in a livestock facility\" width=\"1010\" height=\"622\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vietstock.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/istockphoto-1214936712-612x612-1.jpg 612w, https:\/\/www.vietstock.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/istockphoto-1214936712-612x612-1-300x185.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1010px) 100vw, 1010px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-20758\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Common obstetric disorders in livestock include dystocia, retained placenta, uterine prolapse, postpartum uterine infection, and disorders that delay reproductive recovery.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3><b>Which obstetric disorders commonly affect livestock?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Commonly monitored conditions include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dystocia.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Retained placenta.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Uterine prolapse.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Postpartum uterine infection or inflammation.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Disorders affecting reproductive recovery.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Clinical signs and severity may vary according to:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Species.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Age.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Body condition.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Reproductive stage.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>How can you tell if an animal is experiencing dystocia?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dystocia should be suspected when:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The animal strains for a prolonged period but the fetus is not delivered.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Labor does not progress.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The fetus becomes stuck.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Only part of the fetus is visible.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The dam becomes exhausted.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There is abnormal bleeding or pain.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Do not continue waiting if labor stops progressing or serious warning signs appear.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>How long after calving is a placenta considered retained in cattle?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In cattle, the placenta is commonly expelled within approximately <\/span><b>3\u20138 hours<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> after calving.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">According to the source content, retained fetal membranes in cattle are generally identified when the placenta has not been expelled after <\/span><b>24 hours<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, if the cow develops:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fever.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Reduced appetite.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Weakness.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Foul-smelling discharge.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Abnormal bleeding.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a veterinarian should be contacted earlier rather than waiting for the full 24-hour period.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Should the placenta be manually removed when a cow has retained placenta?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">No.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pulling or manually removing the placenta is not recommended as a routine management method because it may damage the uterus.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Management should be based on:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">General condition.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Signs of infection.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Postpartum progression.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Veterinary assessment.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Is uterine prolapse dangerous?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yes.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Uterine prolapse is an emergency that may lead to:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tissue damage.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bleeding.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Contamination.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Circulatory compromise.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Life-threatening complications.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If tissue consistent with uterine prolapse is seen after parturition, contact a veterinarian immediately and protect the tissue from:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Soil.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Feces.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Friction.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mechanical injury.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Can obstetric disorders affect future reproductive performance?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">They can.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Conditions such as:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dystocia.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Retained placenta.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Severe or prolonged uterine infection.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">may affect:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Uterine recovery.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Time to return to estrus.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Conception.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Calving interval.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The degree of impact depends on the individual case and how effectively the condition is managed.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Improve Monitoring and Management of Obstetric Risks at VIETSTOCK 2026<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Problems such as dystocia, retained placenta, uterine prolapse, and uterine infection may occur in succession during the peripartum period and directly affect the health of the dam, the newborn, and reproductive performance in subsequent breeding cycles. Farms therefore need a monitoring process that begins before parturition, records the course of labor, and continues through postpartum health checks rather than intervening only after complications become obvious.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">At <\/span><b>VIETSTOCK 2026<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, livestock producers and technical teams can explore solutions that support a more proactive approach to reproductive management. The event is expected to bring together <\/span><b>300 brands<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, cover <\/span><b>10,000 sqm of exhibition area<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and welcome around <\/span><b>13,000 trade visitors from 40 countries<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, giving participants access to a wide range of products, technologies, and solutions for livestock production and veterinary care.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">During the event, visitors can focus on practical needs such as:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Reproductive and pregnancy monitoring:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> explore technologies that support breeding records, expected due dates, pregnancy status, and key monitoring milestones.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Peripartum livestock care:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> explore solutions for birthing areas, monitoring dams, and caring for newborn animals during the first few hours.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Nutrition during late pregnancy and postpartum:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> learn about approaches that support body condition, recovery, and reproductive health.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Veterinary equipment and tools:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> explore solutions that support examination, monitoring, and professional intervention when abnormalities occur.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Reproductive data management:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> explore tools for recording calving history, postpartum complications, and reproductive outcomes for individual animals to support long-term monitoring.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For farms seeking to move beyond treating individual obstetric cases toward <\/span><b>improving herd health and management quality<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, the <\/span><b>One Health Forum<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> on <\/span><b>October 22, 2026<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is also worth considering. Topics related to integrating One Health into livestock-production systems, farm management, and animal health can provide additional perspectives on risk prevention and the development of more coordinated herd-care procedures.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Date:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> October 21\u201323, 2026<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><b>Venue:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Saigon Exhibition and Convention Center \u2013 SECC, 799 Nguyen Van Linh Street, Tan My Ward, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><b>Event website:<\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/www.vietstock.org\/en\/\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">VIETSTOCK 2026<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\ud83d\udc49<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ers-vn.informa-info.com\/vs26\"> <b>Register to Visit VIETSTOCK 2026<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\ud83d\udc49<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.vietstock.org\/en\/uncategorized\/vietstock-2026-pre-registration-is-now-open-connect-with-the-future-of-livestock-production-and-animal-health\/\"> <b>Visitor Registration Information<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\ud83d\udc49<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.vietstock.org\/en\/event-news-en\/one-health-forum-at-vietstock-2026-advancing-sustainable-livestock-development\/\"> <b>Learn More About the One Health Forum<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\ud83d\udc49<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.vietstock.org\/en\/event-features\/vietstock-2026-shaping-the-future-of-the-livestock-industry-through-innovation-green-transition-and-competitiveness-enhancement\/\"> <b>Explore Innovation, Green Transition and Competitiveness at VIETSTOCK 2026<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n<p><b>Contact information:<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Exhibiting:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Ms. Sophie Nguyen \u2013 Sophie.nguyen@informa.com<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><b>Group Delegation Support:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Ms. Phuong \u2013 Phuong.c@informa.com<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><b>Marcom Support:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Ms. Anita Pham \u2013 Anita.pham@informa.com<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Obstetric disorders in livestock can occur before, during, and after parturition. Learn how to recognize dystocia, retained placenta, uterine prolapse, and postpartum uterine infection, and when veterinary intervention is needed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":20764,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[45],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Obstetric Disorders in Livestock: Signs &amp; Postpartum Care<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn about obstetric disorders in livestock, including dystocia, retained placenta, uterine prolapse, postpartum infection, warning signs and postpartum care.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.vietstock.org\/en\/tin-nganh\/benh-san-khoa-o-gia-suc\/\" \/>\n<meta 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